Analysis of fire and burned occurrence according to climate conditions and anthropic interferences

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate the occurrences of fires and burned in function of the climatic and anthropic variables represented by the Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) and mapping of land cover and use (MLCU). For the RAI, rain data from a series of thirty years was used, and for the MLCU
of 2010 and 2019, images from the Vexcel Ultracam sensor and the Sentinel 2B Satellite were used,
respectively. The outbreaks data were acquired from the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) for the period from 2014 to 2019. The results showed that there were sixteen negative anomalies, highlighting the year 2014 with extremely dry RAI and that in the years 2012, 2016 and
2019 the outbreaks occurred in periods with positive anomalies. As for the classes of spatialization of the RAI, the dry class represented approximately 50% of the total area of the basin. Regarding the types of cover and land use, forests stood out with more changes. It was concluded that the outbreaks are not only influenced by environmental factors, but especially, by human activities.