Agronomic and photosynthetic performance of Chardonnay and Pinot Noir grapevine varieties in São Joaquim, Santa Catarina

Abstract

The cultivation of vines in regions of altitude, such as the region of São Joaquim, in Santa Catarina, SC, has stood out in the production of fine wines. The objective was to evaluate the agronomic and photosynthetic performance of Chardonnay and Pinot Noir varieties in São Joaquim, SC. The study
was conducted during the 2022/2023 harvest, in a commercial vineyard located at 1230m of altitude. The vegetative, productive, photosynthetic and technological maturation variables were analyzed. For the variables number of branches, bunches, fertility index, productivity, soluble solids
and Spad index, Pinot Noir varietie presented better performance in relation to Chardonnay. Gas exchange parameters (net photosynthesis, transpiration rate and carboxylation efficiency) were
higher in Chardonnay. However, this did not reflect in an increase in production and productivity, but probably in greater vegetative vigor. For the conditions of the present study, the Pinot Noir
variety is more efficient in the use of available resources, as it stood out with greater leaf area,
production, productivity, leaf area/production ratios, vegetative variables, soluble solids and Spad index in relation to the Chardonnay variety.